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softskills - communication skills

self

同理心对话

  • 先沟通对话的目标与期望
  • 先想想自己的期望让对方知道你的用意
  • 分享期望意识到自己有何想法与感受, 再开口说话
  • 设法找出对方的出发点/目的
  • 觉察自己的偏见
  • 倾听对方的目的在于了解, 而不是认同 (未必要赞同对方)
  • 想法跟我们一样的归于一类,不同的归于另一类, 这样的分类并不准确
  • 游离的原因
  • 偏见是我们的求生直觉
  • 游离的原因
  • 不赞同对方, 倾听的目的是了解对方
  • 把自己看的太大 - 认为对方想让自己负责
  • 好奇心
  • 倾听对方的目的在于了解, 而不是认同 (未必要赞同对方)
  • 想知道他为何会有这样的信念
  • 尊重别人的观点
  • 设法找出对方的出发点/目的是什么
  • 技巧
  • 專心對話 - 專注當下
  • 冥想 - 專心呼吸
  • 冥想 是讓你更清楚大腦在想什麼
  • 冥想能改善對話能力, 因為會更懂得傾聽
  • 心中的話匣子靜下來後,就能真正傾聽到對方在說什麼, 而不會太被自己的思緒分心
  • 注意腦海中的念頭, 不必改變任何思緒,只要關注就好了
  • 有思緒飄進來,只要對自己說“這是一個念頭”, 再把專注力轉回對話就好了
  • 把焦點轉回對方
  • 輔助反應 能鼓勵對方繼續說下去,讓對方知道你在傾聽
  • 把對話焦點拉回自己是人的本能
  • Using empathy - link to someone's emotion - not sympathy
  • empathy - actively relating to someone's emotional experience
  • "That must have been really hard for you"
  • an expression of empathy is respectful but relatively neutral

and it does not imply support for the person's position

  • 避免爭吵
  • 對事不對人 - 不要提對方的缺點
  • 想想怎麼解決問題
  • 好好吵架,不要只是抱怨而已
  • 願意讓對方吵贏
  • 找到對雙方有益的解決方法比較重要,未必一定要吵贏
  • 不妨自問
  • 希望從這場對話中得到什麼收穫?

希望對話有什麼結果希望離開時帶著什麼情緒? 是生氣,沮喪,煩惱嗎?

  • 如果改變不了對方的心意, 目標就應該是 自己可以從中有所學習
  • 講的簡潔有力
  • 每次開口之前, 先想一想這次對話的目的,講完之後就完
  • 一定要察言觀色,注意對方釋放的訊號
  • 對方的肢體是否相反方向; 對方的眼神是否飄走
  • 開放式問題, 把掌控權交給回答的人
  • 問題 加入 “何人, 何事, 何地, 何時, 為何, 如何”
  • TODO

social skills

  • 自我展示 - 不要做面目模糊的人
  • 看到你能做什么
  • 我为什么到这里来;我能带来什么价值
  • 自我意识
  • 眼神坚定,优秀表达
  • engineering & scientist; entrepreneur
  • 让别人了解你的潜力
  • 预期标签
  • 还要看到你的潜力,也就是预期标签
  • 注重交流技巧
  • 认清环境,明白自己的立场和论点
  • 感情交流,懂得示弱
  • 重点放在倾听和引导
  • 告诉对方主要目的
  • 交谈
  • 你覺得 xx 怎么样啊

这个事情我们该怎么解决呢

“我们是不是应该约个时间再好好地聊一下”

  • 交谈的时候一定要 言之有物
  • 用真诚的态度去讲,确保所说的话能给对方带来有用的信息
  • 不要带着批判消极的心态和语气
  • 善待那些不及你的人
  • 注重当下的自己和对方
  • 专注地跟自己计划中的某一些人发展成真正的交往关系
  • 圈子
  • 工具性支持
  • 帮你达到目标而提供相关信息,建议和协助
  • 能帮助你在事业上不断进阶的联系
  • 一个能够客观地与你讨论个人发展和事业发展的人;

比如加快项目执行,分享行业趋势

  • 帮你解决职业上的挑战
  • 社会心理支持
  • 会为了帮助实现个人成长而提供支持
  • 无法帮助你减轻压力,提供动力
  • 从你目前的工作,生活状态以外的角度分享见解
  • 当你向他们说出日常生活的考验时,他们能感同身受

small talk - try to find common interest

  • why?
  • to be friendly
  • to meet new people
  • to not feel uncomfortable
  • "I love your earrings/songs, ..."
  • "How do you know ..."
  • how to end a small talk
  • "I need to talk with my friend"
  • "It was nice talking to you. I enjoyed talking about movies with you"
  • "I hope to talk to you again soon"
  • family - keep it light/easy
  • "Where are you from originally"
  • "Where did you grow up?"
  • "How did you meet your partner/..."
  • "Do you still have family there" //
  • occupation - comfortable
  • "What's keeping you busy these days?" "That's interesting! How did you get involved with that?"
  • "How long have you been in your field?"

"What's the best part of your job?"

-

  • "what do you do?" "what motivated you to become a ...? "
  • "Did you always wann be a ..? " "what was your first-ever job?"
  • "what does a typical workday look like?" "what do you love about your job?"
  • "Is this your fream job? or are you working towards something else?"
  • "If money wasn't an issue, what job would you want?"
  • Recreation - find similarities
  • "What do you do for fun?"
  • "Do you play any sports"
  • "How did you become interested that?"
  • dream - smile, listen, learn
  • "Any plans for the summer?"
  • "If you could travel anywhere, where would you go?"
  • "What will you do once you finish te project? course?"
  • "What do you want to read next?" ..
  • life
  • "Did you hear about ..."
  • "Have you got much planned for the weekend?"
  • "What do you like to do in your spare time?" - "That's interesting"
  • "Have you read any good books lately?"
  • "Have you seen any good movies/tv shows?"
  • "So, do you have any kids"
  • "So, are you from ...?"
  • "Where did you live before this?" "Is this city quite different to (that city)?"
  • "Where did you grow up?"
  • travel
  • "I've just got back from a trip to Japan. Have you ever been?"
  • "You went to peru last year, didn't you?" "Do you have any recommendations?"
  • "What places are on your bucket list?"
  • food
  • "Do you know any good restaurants around here?"
  • "I'm cooking lasagne for dinner tonight. What about you?"
  • "Have you tried that new Thai restaurant on Church Street?"
  • "Do you like Thai food?"
  • weather
  • "It's a beautiful day today, isn't it?"
  • "Can you believe all the rain we've been having lately?"
  • "It's pouring out there! It's a shame I rode my bike today! How did you get to work?"

skills

  • 语言能力、逻辑情感、人际交往等文化资本和社会资本

Getting feedback

  • ask good questions - very specific questions
  • "What would make this email/report/other written communication easier to understand or read?"
  • "Did I communicate enough information or too much?"
  • "How could I have done a better job leading the meating?"
  • "We missed our deadline, how could i have helped more?"
  • try to pick up patterns or overarching lessons and methods from their comments

Taking feedback

  • they wanna you succeed, so if it helps, take notes
  • Ask for clarification, and think about it
  • "How would you have done it differently?"
  • "What is an example of someone who has done this well? What did they do?" (then you can follow up the person)
  • Think about it some more
  • Think before you respond
  • just listen and accept it
  • If the person doesn't know, just hear himself talk, and say "thank you"
  • if it is a carefully considered list of improvements, or honest, constructive feedback, give them your attention
  • Be open-minded
  • don't fall to the traps -> ignorant, idiots, or out to get you (害你)
  • if giving feedback, start with a question like "Are u open to feedback?"

How to Collaborate with People You Don’t Like

  • [Guide](https://hbr.org/2018/12/how-to-collaborate-with-people-you-dont-like)

沟通 - 得体 - 分寸合适

  • British culture
  • friendly smile and eye contact when you handshake
  • follow the host
  • greet first before asking any question
  • say "Excuse me", "please", "Sorry"

如何处理和伯乐的关系

  • 因为年龄,性别和阅历的差别,或者还没有见面的人
  • 应该保持一定的距离感, 不能像平辈好友一样随便, 给人举止轻浮的感觉
  • 让对方知道你的尊敬,感激之情
  • 开始上班后给对方汇报一下自己的感受和进展
  • 让对方参与到你的事业发展中来,这样很自然地增强了这种导师的指导关系

给予工作机会的贵人,领导 - 邀请他们参与到你的成功中,才能真正成为你的人脉

  • 留下感恩,得体的印象
  • 找机会问候
  • 感谢领导给予的机会
  • 真诚地表示自己一定多学习,好好干
  • 如果将来工作中有问题,还得麻烦,给予指导和引领

有求于人的时候,如何寻求帮助合适呢?

  • 做好自己的准备工作
  • 你对自己的需求了解吗? 是否已经准备好自己的背景资料
  • 自己要对目标人脉和目标方向做好调研
  • 简单明了地阐述你的诉求
  • 把自身背景和期望找的明确方向提前梳理好,用简洁,直接的方式礼貌提出
  • 能帮就帮,不能帮也会给你一个答复; 即使这次不能帮,也表示一下谢意, 耽误对方时间了
  • 每一次求人办事动用人脉,都是一次资源消耗
  • 一定不要把重要人脉当知心姐姐来对待
  • 如果自己不清楚,找自己家人和挚友聊一下
  • 人脉资源消耗以后,要及时补充
  • 对这个帮助过你的人脉进行投资和输入
  • 采取各种方式感谢对方,增加接触机会,找到能为对方创造价值的机会
  • 求人帮忙,不管事情办好与否,一定要心怀感激

联系到目标人脉,如何进行接洽呢?

  • 经第三方介绍后,应该马上与对方取得联系根据
  • 对方有可能会埋怨介绍人怎么做这么没谱的事
  • 第一次联系的时候,礼貌地就是论事请教对方
  • 建立初步联系后,可以再补充问一些问题
  • 如何在第一次联系当中就给对方好感呢?
  • 首先学会放低自己,谦虚的学习态度, 因为是要获取对方的信息和分享
  • 不要让对方产生竞争或威胁的感觉
  • 不要窃取对方的商业秘密,只是想学习一下别人的经验和方法,能够帮助这个初学者
  • 请教别人,礼数一定要周到
  • 说些感谢的话,发个小红包
  • 在和目标联系人联系后,应该在 24 小时内跟介绍人汇报一下
  • 同时表示感谢,有始有终

行事得体

  • 真诚待人
  • 真实地表达自己,让别人了解你这个人,接受真实的你
  • 以互利互惠为本, 希望与对方交好
  • 知恩图报
  • 感恩 - 对别人给予自己的帮助,表达出来,并寻找机会报答对方,让对方感觉愉悦
  • 大方,大度
  • 大方 - 喜欢送人礼物 或者 给予别人方便和好处, 让别人感觉被惦记的温暖
  • 大度 - 不会计较细节
  • 把握分寸
  • 亲密而独立的关系
  • 谦虚,学习的态度
  • 与人相处
  • 谦虚的态度, 抱着学习的态度,放低自己,认真地去从他人身上吸取经验,智慧
  • 自信,自然的态度
  • 自信是因为自知而带来的自我肯定 - 知道自己是谁,有什么样的优势和特点

多观察, 注意留意身边为人处事得体,让人感觉舒服的人

reference

  • [Improve Your English Communication Skills Specialization](https://www.coursera.org/specializations/improve-english)
  • [Effective Communication - Improving your Social Skills](https://www.anxietybc.com/self-help/effective-communication-improving-your-social-skills)
  • [Business Communication](https://courses.edx.org/courses/course-v1:RITx+SKILLS101x+3T2017/course/)
  • [沟通得体者得天下](http://nulishehui.blog.caixin.com/archives/178048)
  • [How to Collaborate with People You Don’t Like](https://hbr.org/2018/12/how-to-collaborate-with-people-you-dont-like)